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Kata Pengantar

Panduan Administrator Sistem berisi informasi tentang cara menyesuaikan sistem Fedora Rawhide agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan Anda. Jika Anda mencari panduan berorientasi tugas yang komprehensif untuk mengonfigurasi dan menyesuaikan sistem Anda, ini adalah manual untuk Anda.

Manual ini mendiskusikan banyak topik menengah seperti yang berikut:

  • Memasang dan mengelola paket memakai DNF

  • Mengonfigurasi Server HTTP Apache, Postfix, Sendmail, dan perangkat lunak dan server kelas enterprise lain

  • Bekerja dengan modul kernel dan meningkatkan kernel

Beberapa prosedur grafis dan lokasi menu itu spesifik ke GNOME, tapi kebanyakan instruksi baris perintah akan berlaku secara universal.

Target Pemirsa

The System Administrator’s Guide assumes you have a basic understanding of the Fedora operating system. If you need help with the installation of this system, refer to the Fedora Installation Guide.

Bagaimana Cara Membaca Buku Ini

Manual ini dibagi ke dalam beberapa kategori utama berikut:

Basic System Configuration

Bagian ini membahas tugas-tugas administrasi sistem dasar seperti konfigurasi papan tik, konfigurasi tanggal dan waktu, mengelola pengguna dan grup, dan memperoleh hak khusus.

Opening Graphical Applications describes methods for opening Graphical User Interface, or GUI, applications in various environments.

System Locale and Keyboard Configuration covers basic language and keyboard setup. Read this chapter if you need to configure the language of your desktop, change the keyboard layout, or add the keyboard layout indicator to the panel.

Configuring the Date and Time covers the configuration of the system date and time. Read this chapter if you need to set or change the date and time.

Managing Users and Groups covers the management of users and groups in a graphical user interface and on the command line. Read this chapter if you need to manage users and groups on your system, or enable password aging.

Gaining Privileges covers ways to gain administrative privileges using setuid programs such as su and sudo.

Package Management

Bagian ini menjelaskan bagaimana cara mengelola paket-paket perangkat lunak pada Fedora memakai DNF.

DNF describes the DNF package manager. Read this chapter for information how to search, install, update, and uninstall packages on the command line.

Infrastructure Services

Bagian ini menyediakan informasi tentang bagaimana mengonfigurasi layanan dan daemon, mengonfigurasi autentikasi, dan memfungsikan login remote.

Services and Daemons covers the configuration of the services to be run when a system is started, and provides information on how to start, stop, and restart the services on the command line using the systemctl utility.

OpenSSH describes how to enable a remote login via the SSH protocol. It covers the configuration of the sshd service, as well as a basic usage of the ssh, scp, sftp client utilities. Read this chapter if you need a remote access to a machine.

TigerVNC describes the virtual network computing (VNC) method of graphical desktop sharing which allows you to remotely control other computers.

Servers

Bagian ini mendiskusikan berbagai topik terkait server seperti misalnya bagaimana menyiapkan suatu server Web atau berbagi berkas dan direktori lewat jaringan.

Web Servers focuses on the Apache HTTP Server, a robust, full-featured open source web server developed by the Apache Software Foundation. Read this chapter if you need to configure a web server on your system.

Mail Servers reviews modern email protocols in use today, and some of the programs designed to send and receive email, including Postfix, Sendmail, Fetchmail, and Procmail. Read this chapter if you need to configure a mail server on your system.

Directory Servers covers the installation and configuration of OpenLDAP, an open source implementation of the LDAPv2 and LDAPv3 protocols. Read this chapter if you need to configure a directory server on your system.

File and Print Servers guides you through the installation and configuration of Samba, an open source implementation of the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol, and vsftpd, the primary FTP server shipped with Fedora. Additionally, it explains how to use the Printer Configuration tool to configure printers. Read this chapter if you need to configure a file or print server on your system.

Configuring NTP Using the chrony Suite covers the installation and configuration of the chrony suite, a client and a server for the Network Time Protocol (NTP). Read this chapter if you need to configure the system to synchronize the clock with a remote NTP server, or set up an NTP server on this system.

Configuring NTP Using ntpd covers the installation and configuration of the NTP daemon, ntpd, for the Network Time Protocol (NTP). Read this chapter if you need to configure the system to synchronize the clock with a remote NTP server, or set up an NTP server on this system, and you prefer not to use the chrony application.

Configuring PTP Using ptp4l covers the installation and configuration of the Precision Time Protocol application, ptp4l, an application for use with network drivers that support the Precision Network Time Protocol (PTP). Read this chapter if you need to configure the system to synchronize the system clock with a master PTP clock.

Monitoring and Automation

Bagian ini menjelaskan berbagai alat yang mengizinkan administrator sistem memantau kinerja sistem, mengotomatiskan tugas sistem, dan melaporkan bug.

System Monitoring Tools discusses applications and commands that can be used to retrieve important information about the system. Read this chapter to learn how to gather essential system information.

Viewing and Managing Log Files describes the configuration of the rsyslog daemon, and explains how to locate, view, and monitor log files. Read this chapter to learn how to work with log files.

Automating System Tasks provides an overview of the cron, at, and batch utilities. Read this chapter to learn how to use these utilities to perform automated tasks.

OProfile covers OProfile, a low overhead, system-wide performance monitoring tool. Read this chapter for information on how to use OProfile on your system.

Kernel, Module and Driver Configuration

Bagian ini mencakup berbagai alat yang membantu administrator untuk menyesuaikan kernel.

Working with the GRUB 2 Boot Loader der>> describes the GNU GRand Unified Boot loader (GRUB) version 2 boot loader, which enables selecting an operating system or kernel to be loaded at system boot time.

Manually Upgrading the Kernel provides important information on how to manually update a kernel package using the rpm command instead of dnf. Read this chapter if you cannot update a kernel package with the DNF package manager.

Working with Kernel Modules explains how to display, query, load, and unload kernel modules and their dependencies, and how to set module parameters. Additionally, it covers specific kernel module capabilities such as using multiple Ethernet cards and using channel bonding. Read this chapter if you need to work with kernel modules.

RPM

Lampiran ini berkonsentrasi pada RPM Package Manager (RPM), sistem pengemasan terbuka yang digunakan oleh Fedora, dan penggunaan utilitas rpm. Bacalah lampiran ini jika Anda perlu menggunakan rpm alih-alih dnf.

The Wayland Display Server

Lampiran ini meninjau Wayland, suatu server tampilan baru yang dipakai dalam GNOME untuk Fedora dan bagaimana menelusuri masalah dengan server tampilan Wayland.

We Need Feedback!

If you find a typographical error in this manual, or if you have thought of a way to make this manual better, we would love to hear from you! Please submit a report in Bugzilla.

If you have a suggestion for improving the documentation, try to be as specific as possible when describing it. If you have found an error, please include the section number and some of the surrounding text so we can find it easily.

Ucapan Terima Kasih

Certain portions of this text first appeared in the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 System Administrator’s Guide, copyright © 2014–2018 Red Hat, Inc., available at https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/System_Administrators_Guide/index.html.

Monitoring Performance with Net-SNMP is based on an article written by Michael Solberg.

Penulis buku ini ingin mengucapkan terima kasih kepada orang-orang berikut atas kontribusi mereka yang berharga: Adam Tkáč, Andrew Fitzsimon, Andrius Benokraitis, Brian Cleary Edward Bailey, Garrett LeSage, Jeffrey Fearn, Joe Orton, Joshua Wulf, Karsten Wade, Lucy Ringland, Marcela Mašláňová, Mark Johnson, Michael Behm, Miroslav Lichvár, Radek Vokál, Rahul Kavalapara, Rahul Sundaram, Sandra Moore, Zbyšek Mráz, Jan Velák, Peter Hutterer, TC Hollingsworth, dan James Antill, di antara banyak lainnya.