DNF ແລະ ຄໍາສັ່ງ APT ທີ່ທຽບເທົ່າກັນໃນ Fedora

Michal Ambroz, Christopher Engelhard, ທີມງານ Fedora Docs Version F37 Last review: 2023-02-03

APT is the package manager/dependency solver for the Debian ecosystem, i.e. it manages .deb packages installed by the DPKG program. Fedora software is based on .rpm packages, and therefore uses DNF, the package manager/dependency solver for the RPM program, instead. This document gives a brief overview of the most common APT commands one might find in tutorials and their DNF equivalents.

APT compared to DNF commands

Table 1. APT compared to DNF commands
APT command	DNF command	notes
`apt install` `apt-get install`	`dnf install`	Of course, actual package names may vary. For example, `libc6-dev` on Debian maps to `glibc-devel` in the Fedora universe.
`apt install --only-upgrade package`	`dnf update package`	Updates only already installed package and its dependencies. The `apt install` works for both install and upgrade single package if already installed.
`apt update` `apt-get update`	`dnf check-update`	This command is rarely needed, as dnf updates its package cache automatically when it is stale. A cache update can be forced by appending `--refresh` to other commands, e.g. `dnf upgrade --refresh`.
`apt upgrade` `apt-get upgrade`	`dnf upgrade`	Note that while `apt update` does something different, `dnf update` and `dnf upgrade` are synonyms. You can also use the shorter `dnf up`.
`apt full-upgrade` `apt-get dist-upgrade`	`dnf distro-sync` or `dnf system-upgrade` (see note)	While `distro-sync` is the most direct functional equivalent, `dnf system-upgrade` should be used to upgrade from one release to another, e.g. from Fedora Linux 34 to 35. This is a multi-step process as described here.
`apt remove` `apt-get remove`	`dnf remove`
`apt purge` `apt-get purge`	---	Fedora packages do not treat configuration files in the same way as Debian packages, so there is no direct equivalent.
`apt autoremove` `apt-get autoremove`	`dnf autoremove`	Note that this can occasionally remove packages that you might actually want. Use `dnf mark` to flag packages to keep.
`apt search` `apt-cache search`	`dnf search`	`dnf repoquery` is useful for advanced searches.

ນອກເໜືອຈາກການອັບເກຣດລຸ້ນ (distribution upgrade) ທີ່ເຮັດວຽກແຕກຕ່າງກັນ ແລະ DNF ທີ່ອັບເດດແຄສໂດຍອັດຕະໂນມັດແລ້ວ, ຄໍາສັ່ງຕ່າງໆແມ່ນມີຄວາມຄ້າຍຄືກັນຫຼາຍ. ສາມາດເບິ່ງຂໍ້ມູນເພີ່ມເຕີມກ່ຽວກັບ DNF ໄດ້ ທີ່ນີ້.

Why is APT in the Fedora repositories

APT ບໍ່ສາມາດ ໃຊ້ເພື່ອຕິດຕັ້ງແພັກເກັດໃນ Fedora ໄດ້, ທ່ານ ຕ້ອງໃຊ້ DNF ແທນ.

The apt command on Fedora used to — until Fedora 32 — actually be APT-RPM, which mapped normal apt commands so that they worked with Fedora’s RPM package management system.

ແນວໃດກໍຕາມ, APT-RPM ແມ່ນບໍ່ໄດ້ຮັບການບຳລຸງຮັກສາ, ເພ ແລະ ບໍ່ມີຄວາມປອດໄພ, ດັ່ງນັ້ນຈຶ່ງຖືກຍົກເລີກ ແລະ ປ່ຽນມາໃຊ້ຊອບແວ Debian APT ຕົວຈິງແທນ. ເນື່ອງຈາກວ່າ APT ຈັດການສະເພາະແພັກເກັດ .deb, ຄໍາສັ່ງ apt ຈຶ່ງບໍ່ສາມາດໃຊ້ເພື່ອຈັດການແພັກເກັດຂອງ Fedora ໄດ້ອີກຕໍ່ໄປ. ຈຸດປະສົງຂອງມັນໃນຕອນນີ້ແມ່ນເພື່ອເປັນເຄື່ອງມືສໍາລັບຜູ້ທີ່ສ້າງແພັກເກັດສໍາລັບລະບົບປະຕິບັດການທີ່ອີງໃສ່ Debian ເທິງລະບົບ Fedora ເທົ່ານັ້ນ.

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