开始使用
This guide intends to provide an overview of and an introduction to installing Fedora. It takes into account users with varying levels of knowledge and experience with Fedora, and therefore covers greater detail than some users are likely to require. This should specifically help new users to complete the installation process without interruptions. Users may skip sections about familiar topics.
简介
本手册涵盖了 Fedora 的安装过程。Fedora 是一个基于自由和开源软件构建的 Linux 发行版。本手册可帮助您在台式机、笔记本电脑和服务器上安装 Fedora。即使您以前不了解 Linux 或计算机网络知识，Fedora的安装系统也很容易使用。如果选择默认选项，Fedora 将提供完整的桌面操作系统，包括生产力应用程序、互联网实用程序和桌面工具。
Fedora is provided in several variants tailored for special purposes. We call them Editions, Atomic Desktops and Spins.
由于这些差异，没有单一的安装过程。
Most Fedora variants, but not all, use Anaconda, the Fedora installer, but in a way that is quite different in detail.
因此，每个版本的安装过程都分开介绍 。大多数定制版都基于其中一个版本，主要是 Fedora 工作站版，并使用相应的安装程序。
然而，您仍需要为所有变体做一些几乎相同的准备步骤，比如，您需要准备一个安装介质。
Fedora 各变体及其安装方法
Editions
- Fedora Workstation
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This variant (using GNOME as the desktop environment) is installed by using a Live USB, CD, or DVD.
- Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop
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This variant (using KDE Plasma as the desktop environment) is also installed by using a Live USB, CD, or DVD.
Software download at https://fedoraproject.org/kde/download/
- Fedora Server 版
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这一变体提供灵活且具有高适应性的服务器，适合用于提供各种各样的服务。
这一项目提供了专用的https://docs.fedoraproject.org/zh_Hans/fedora-server/[安装指南]有关使用方法及系统管理的文档。
- Fedora 物联网版
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This variant implements a server for the 'Internet of Things' or 'edge computing'.
这一版本提供了专用的https://docs.fedoraproject.org/zh_Hans/iot/[安装指南]和有关使用方法及系统管理的文档。
- Fedora CoreOS 版
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一个以容器为核心的最小化操作系统，专为集群设计，但也可独立运行。该项目提供了 入门指南。
- Fedora Cloud
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As the name indicates, it focuses on Fedora on cloud networks. Installation and usage follows the respective cloud systems.
More information at https://fedoraproject.org/cloud/
Atomic Desktops
Atomic desktops use a read-only root filesystem. This means that every installation is identical to every other installation of the same version. The operating system root filesystem on disk is exactly the same from one machine to the next, and it never changes as it is used.
Atomic desktops use the Anaconda installer, but have some limitations on installation options compared to Editions and Spins. The Silverblue installation documentation describes these limitations, which apply to all the Fedora atomic desktop variants
- Fedora Silverblue
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An atomic desktop variant of Fedora, featuring the GNOME desktop, and an excellent platform for container-focused workflows.
More information at https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/silverblue/
- Fedora Kinoite
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An atomic desktop variant of Fedora, featuring the KDE Plasma desktop.
More information at https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/kinoite/
- Fedora Sway Atomic
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An atomic desktop variant of Fedora, featuring the Sway tiling window manager.
More information at https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/sway/
- Fedora Budgie Atomic
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An atomic desktop variant of Fedora, featuring the Budgie desktop.
More information at https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/budgie/
- Fedora COSMIC Atomic
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An atomic desktop variant of Fedora, featuring the COSMIC desktop (currently in alpha version).
More information at https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/cosmic/
General preparations
According to different usage and purposes the variation not only differ in their installation process, they differ in administration and usage. To learn how to use an installed Fedora system, see the manuals available at the specific variant documentation pages.
Regarding installation, be especially prepared for the fact that each variant requires additional post-installation processes.
Despite all the differentiation, some things are the same for all variants.
Download the software deliverables
The differentiation according to tasks and areas of application corresponds to a differentiation of the download options and the further processing.
To find out more about Fedora download options, see Fedora Downloads.
Visit the Fedora Project website to download a distribution file.
Prepare boot media
An install on hardware usually requires to transfer the download file to a bootable medium, mostly a USB stick. Fedora Media Writer is the tool of choice, developed and supported by Fedora.
Alternatively you may try balenaEtcher or the Ventoy project, both available for Linux, macOS, and Windows. The latter is specifically useful if you want to have several distributions and versions available on one stick.
获取其他帮助
If you encounter any problems which are not described in documentation, you might get help from members of the community - developers, users, and others. There are many ways to get help: the Ask Fedora website, mailing lists, forums, or IRC.
The discussion forum Ask Fedora is the recommended way to start with. See Getting help for detailed information.
NVIDIA
If you use an NVIDIA GPU and are experiencing significant visual issues while running Fedora from a live USB, it could be that your GPU is not fully compatible with the FOSS Nouveau driver. One possible workaround for this situation is to do the following 3 steps:
-
During the live USB boot process, hit
eat the GRUB boot menu. -
Find the line that begins with
linux, and addnouveau.modeset=0to the end of that line. -
Press
<ctrl>+xto resume the boot process.
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